2048 × 2048 pixels ccd camera  (Excelitas corp)

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Topological metastability supported by thermal fluctuation upon formation of chiral soliton lattice in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74945-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Crystal structure of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6 and ( b , c ) schematic drawings of magnetic structures of helix and chiral soliton lattice (CSL), respectively. ( d ) Experimental setup for small-angle resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSXS). ( e ) Energy spectra for X-ray absorption (XAS) and RSXS. Spectral data is vertically shifted for clarity.

Article Snippet: An in-vacuum CCD camera ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2048 \times 2048\ \hbox {pixels}$$\end{document} 2048 × 2048 pixels , Teledyne Princeton Instruments), positioned downstream of the sample, was used to record the RSXS intensity.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Topological metastability supported by thermal fluctuation upon formation of chiral soliton lattice in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74945-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Magnetic-field dependence of chiral magnetic soliton lattice. ( a ) Magnetic field dependence of magnetic propagation wave vector measured at several temperatures, and ( b ) its re-plot data with normalized propagation vector \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q/q_0$$\end{document} q / q 0 of the fundamental magnetic diffraction dependence on normalized magnetic fields \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H/H_c$$\end{document} H / H c . Here, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q_0$$\end{document} q 0 is the magnetic propagation vector at the zero magnetic field and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_c$$\end{document} H c is the critical magnetic field. Observed data below 110 K show good agreement with the theoretical curve (black solid line), which is corrected by the demagnetization factor. By contrast, data above 110 K (orange and green open circles) deviate from the theoretical curve. Orange and green broke lines are guide to the eyes. ( c ) Integrated intensities for higher harmonic diffractions normalized by the intensity of fundamental magnetic diffraction \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_1$$\end{document} I 1 are plotted against normalized propagation vector \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q/q_0$$\end{document} q / q 0 . Closed circle, triangle, and square symbols represent the normalized intensities of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_2$$\end{document} I 2 , \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_3$$\end{document} I 3 , and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_4$$\end{document} I 4 , respectively. Black solid, dash, and dot lines indicate theoretical curves calculated by \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_n/I_1 \sim \{J_n^x(\kappa )/ J_1^x(\kappa )\}^2$$\end{document} I n / I 1 ∼ { J n x ( κ ) / J 1 x ( κ ) } 2 ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$n=2$$\end{document} n = 2 , 3, and 4), respectively.

Article Snippet: An in-vacuum CCD camera ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2048 \times 2048\ \hbox {pixels}$$\end{document} 2048 × 2048 pixels , Teledyne Princeton Instruments), positioned downstream of the sample, was used to record the RSXS intensity.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Topological metastability supported by thermal fluctuation upon formation of chiral soliton lattice in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74945-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) The magnetic phase diagram of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6 near magnetic ordering temperature. Black and green symbols denote critical magnetic field \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_c$$\end{document} H c where the transitions from the chiral soliton lattice (CSL) or helix (Hx) to the forced ferromagnetic (FFM) occur below and above \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$T_\text {N} = 119.5$$\end{document} T N = 119.5 K, respectively. ( b ) Temperature dependence of the full-width of half maximum (FWHM) for the fundamental magnetic diffraction peak along parallel (|| q ) and perpendicular ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\perp q$$\end{document} ⊥ q ) to the magnetic propagation vector q , respectively. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$T_\text {N}$$\end{document} T N is determined by the temperature dependence of the FWHM for || q . ( c ) Temperature dependence of integrated intensity for the fundamental magnetic diffraction ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_1$$\end{document} I 1 ) and for \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_2$$\end{document} I 2 normalized by \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_1$$\end{document} I 1 as shown by blue and black symbols, respectively. The solid lines are guides to the eyes. The temperature dependence of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_2/I_1$$\end{document} I 2 / I 1 is measured under applied magnetic field where the magnetic propagation vector became \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q/q_0=0.9$$\end{document} q / q 0 = 0.9 . Black dash line indicates theoretically estimated intensity of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_2/I_1$$\end{document} I 2 / I 1 at \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q/q_0 = 0.9$$\end{document} q / q 0 = 0.9 . While \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_2$$\end{document} I 2 is not observable above \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$T_\text {N}$$\end{document} T N , \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$I_1$$\end{document} I 1 can still be detected in the temperature region of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$T_\text {N}

Article Snippet: An in-vacuum CCD camera ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2048 \times 2048\ \hbox {pixels}$$\end{document} 2048 × 2048 pixels , Teledyne Princeton Instruments), positioned downstream of the sample, was used to record the RSXS intensity.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Topological metastability supported by thermal fluctuation upon formation of chiral soliton lattice in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74945-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hysteresis behavior between ferromagnetic and chiral soliton lattice state. Contour plot of magnetic diffraction line profile in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q>0$$\end{document} q > 0 region during ( a – c ) increasing and ( d – f ) decreasing magnetic field process, measured at ( a , d ) 20, ( b , e ) 60, and ( c , f ) 100 K. Magnetic modulations are normalized by \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q_0$$\end{document} q 0 . White lines indicate the theoretically calculated curves. Straight lines in the higher q region in ( a – c ) correspond to the 2nd order magnetic diffraction from the chiral soliton lattice. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_n$$\end{document} H n indicates the value of the magnetic field at which the magnetic reflection starts to be observed in the course of decreasing the magnetic field.

Article Snippet: An in-vacuum CCD camera ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2048 \times 2048\ \hbox {pixels}$$\end{document} 2048 × 2048 pixels , Teledyne Princeton Instruments), positioned downstream of the sample, was used to record the RSXS intensity.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Topological metastability supported by thermal fluctuation upon formation of chiral soliton lattice in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {CrNb}_3\hbox {S}_6$$\end{document} CrNb 3 S 6

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74945-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hysteresis behavior between ferromagnetic and chiral soliton lattice state. ( a – c ) The chiral soliton creation process with varying initial fields ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_s/H_c$$\end{document} H s / H c ). After magnetic field is increased from zero to each \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_s$$\end{document} H s , the change in propagation vector \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$q/q_0$$\end{document} q / q 0 is measured from each \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_s$$\end{document} H s with decreasing magnetic field. White areas indicate that the measurements are not made. ( d – f ) Temperature dependence of the chiral soliton creation process with decreasing magnetic field. The initial fields are fixed at \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_s/H_c=0.90$$\end{document} H s / H c = 0.90 . White dash lines denote the theoretical curve.

Article Snippet: An in-vacuum CCD camera ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2048 \times 2048\ \hbox {pixels}$$\end{document} 2048 × 2048 pixels , Teledyne Princeton Instruments), positioned downstream of the sample, was used to record the RSXS intensity.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation